Description
What is zinc chloride
Zinc chloride, with the molecular formula ZnCl2, is produced in the form of liquid, powder, and white granules. It is odorless but decomposes upon heating, releasing zinc oxide and hydrogen chloride gas. Its vapors have a pungent odor and are corrosive to metals. This substance is highly hygroscopic and should be protected from moisture and even water vapor in the air. This substance is used in fluxes (soldering and welding), as a wood preservative, in the medical industry, agriculture, in the production of oil paper, artificial silk, activated carbon, printing and dyeing textiles, and in water purification.
What is the use of zinc chloride
This compound (as a flux) is used in metallurgical industries and it has the ability to attack metal oxide (MO) to produce MZnOCl2 derivatives. This reaction is related to the use of ZnCl2 as a flux for soldering. It is also used in galvanized coatings, soldering, and coating applications.
In organic compounds, it has abundant applications in laboratories and is generally known as a moderately strong Lewis acid
In textile processes, aqueous solutions with a concentration of more than 64% w/w ZnCl2 in water have interesting properties of dissolving starch, silk, and cellulose; therefore, such solutions cannot be separated through standard filter papers. Due to its affinity for these materials, ZnCl2 is used as a flame retardant in fabrics.
In dry cells or batteries, it is commonly used as an electrolyte and also serves as a moisture absorber and corrosion inhibitor.
What is the method of producing zinc chloride
This compound can be prepared by various methods which we will discuss below.
Anhydrous zinc chloride can be obtained from the reaction between hydrogen chloride and metallic zinc:
Zn + 2 HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
To obtain its hydrated form, hydrochloric acid can be used to purify zinc and replace hydrogen chloride. Hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc sulfide to produce zinc chloride and hydrogen sulfide. The equation for this reaction is as follows:
ZnS + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2S
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